How to Write a Bates College Supplement Essay

How to Write a Bates College Supplement EssayIf you are searching for an online college supplement essay, there are many resources to choose from. By using the information you read here, you will be able to determine which resources to use and what to look for in a writer. What you need to do is understand the expectations in order to write the best possible essay on your topic.First of all, your essay must have a thesis statement. This is the part of the essay that is meant to stand alone and explain why you were writing it in the first place. You will often find a college supplement essay has a thesis statement that mentions something related to the topic being discussed. There is a key point that you will want to have, that will lead you to the conclusion of the essay.You will also want to make sure the essay is well written. The length of an essay is going to vary from one person to another. What you should consider is if the essay will be submitted online or if it will be posted in a journal or book. While online education is becoming more common, there are some essays that are still best written offline.In addition to this, a college supplement essay is not all about teaching you how to be a better student. It is a way to practice what you learn. Whether you are writing an essay for school or you are taking it to college, the idea is to make your message sound interesting and not boring. You want to make sure that the student gets the most out of the education they are receiving.Also, remember that you will be using words to express your thoughts. If the words that you use are not appropriate for your topic, your piece will be flat and uninteresting. Use the proper words and learn how to use them in your piece.Finally, a college supplement essay is not meant to be your master's thesis. It is meant to make the student's education more interesting and provide them with an answer to their question. While an essay in itself can be interesting, if the student cannot answer their question, then it is not informative. Make sure you are providing answers to questions, the student is having while also making sure you keep the essay fun.Now that you have an idea of what a college supplement essay is, you can start looking for an essay to write. To begin, remember that you are not allowed to plagiarize anything from another person's essay. If you come across any examples of plagiarism, report it immediately to the professor or school administrator. It will prevent them from teaching you in the future and may even cause you to be kicked out of school.Remember, if you want to write a college supplement essay, there are some basics you will need to follow. You can find an essay writer by looking online or in your local college or university. As long as you follow these tips, you should be successful in the process.

Writing an Essay - An Essay Writing Guide

Writing an Essay - An Essay Writing GuideThere are a number of techniques used by writers in composing a comprehensive essay for a GRE and no matter what essay question samples you read about, they will be of use to you. In fact, all the online samples have been prepared by experienced writers who know exactly how to write an essay question. But whatever the technique used by a writer is, you need to put into practice that particular technique with utmost care, so that you can achieve satisfactory results.The most obvious mistake you will find in most GRE essay samples is that the writers tend to add adverbs and inferences to the sentences and paragraphs. These adverbs and inferences will definitely hinder your reading and writing performance in the essay, and that will definitely not be good for your application.Every student has his or her own way of putting up their GRE, but there are some common techniques that are used by most writers to excel. One is to make sure that you have the right paper size for the paper, which is on a simple 3-line vertical line format. It is advised that you get the color for the paper before starting the composition of the essay. The essays are put up on a common format called 'MOA' (Most Attractive Order of Composition), which has one big idea and a single paragraph after which each sentence is followed by a few sentences that make up the 'head'.The first couple of pages are normally used by the manual offering GRE essay samples. If you want to create a chapter, you should go in for some exercise which will enable you to think of a lot of new ideas for an essay. Thus, the idea here is that you should think of things which you have never thought of before and write them down.It is always helpful to memorize the basic topics used in the GRE, and one of the techniques is to make a list of all the main topics which are presented in the test papers. This will help you write properly on these topics and will help you retain the infor mation better. When you study for the GRE, you need to learn how to structure a well thought out essay, which are a matter of developing a firm backbone and structure, and the best way to do this is to be able to remember what was said at each stage of the paper.Numerous GRE questions sample have a format, where you have to answer and write an essay on a particular topic which is interesting, surprising and based on facts and figures. A good way to do this is to study over the given topic and analyze it from different angles. This will give you a clear picture of the said topic and the impression it gives to the reader.In addition to this, certain topics are best dealt with in a story format, while others need to be written in a structured manner. Thus, if you know the structure of a certain topic, then you can proceed further in preparing an essay on that topic. With the various GRE essay question samples, you will have a good idea about the various methods which can be used to wri te and excel in the test.

Alias Olympia Free Essays

Olympia is the painting made by artist Edouard Manet, which is a nude painting which portrayed a style much like early studio photographs, but it was based more on the Venus of Urbino by Titan. Despite the fact that Olympia was painted by Manet alone, his model, Victorine Meurent also played a great part in the creation of this painting. Through the collaboration of both the artist and the subject, Edouard Manet’s and Victorine Meurent’s Olympia became one of the first modern works of art during the time of the Renaissance. We will write a custom essay sample on Alias Olympia or any similar topic only for you Order Now Edouard Manet’s contribution to the painting was that he was the one who created it, giving life to a two-dimensional image making it into something more. He conceptualized what the painting would look like, when he was challenged to give the Salon a nude painting to display during that time. His painting became very controversial, as it showed a nude model is wearing several small items of clothing. Because of this, her nude body is given more emphasis, as it was decorated with an orchid in her hair, a bracelet, a small ribbon worn around her neck, and a pair of mule slippers. Because of this, Manet’s Olympia was attracted greater attention as her nakedness was more accentuated, as well as the comfortable courtesan lifestyle and sexuality which is being depicted by the painting. The elements of the painting were Manet’s contribution to the piece as well. The orchid flower, the unruly hair, the black cat and the flower bouquet all recognized female sexuality during that time. Another element which Manet gave emphasis on was her body, as she symbolized the modern Venus. She was thin as compared to the prevailing standards, and it was regarded as lacking of idealism, which has successful enough to catch the attention of viewers, despite being placed high on the wall of Salon. Another element was the contrast being set by the black female servant in the background. The servant was fully dressed, as compared to her master who was fully undressed. This shows the irony of the understanding before, where black women were regarded more sexually active, something which is not evident in this scene. On the other hand, the model of Olympia, Victorine Meurent, is also an author of this work of art. This is because Meurent effectively played the part of a modern day Venus in the painting, attracting and arousing the interest not only of critics but also of other artists to follow this line of work. Manet’s work was considered a modern work of art because of Victorine Meurent’s effective portrayal. She was viewed as a radical subject of the painting, wherein she showed a different flatness, tonalism, foreshortened shadows, and a peculiar perspective in her which characterized Olympia as modern work of art during that time (Levine). It is said that Victorine Meurent’s portrayal of Venus has produced a woman which is not voluptuous in a traditional sense, and that she is not being served up to the viewers – instead she was aloof, self contained and mostly disdainful. Any visitor, or in this case anyone who views the piece would be dared by Meurent’s portrayal, as if staring him down. Victorine Meurent’s portrayal of Venus in Olympia is said to give the lie to every Venus. This has undermined tradition, as well as stared out at history, and this is all because of a self-contained model in the person of Victorine Meurent posed as a classical nude. This has raised the outrage of the spectators, giving the painting, the model and the artist enough publicity to live by. After all the criticisms that Meurent received because of her portrayal of the Olympia, critics recognized that she was indeed a real woman of the nineteenth century. There is however, an issue of ambiguity of the life of Victorine Meurent as only a little is known about her. In Olympia, she stared down every man who looked at her, with her gaze fixed, and her facial expressions unmoving, she was indeed a symbol of power for the woman of the nineteenth century. Meurent did not posses much record that would tell anything about her. Because of this, the masses were left to interpret things for themselves, including how Victorine Meurent lived her life. Edouard Manet’s Olympia was found to be a modern work of art during that time, and this is partially because of the depiction of Venus in the form of Victorine Meurent. According to Eunice Lipton, Olympia is truly a modern work of art because it depicts a prostitute in 1865, and that the artist has dealt with modernity in one of the most emotional and familiar way, though it was also filled with difficulty. One manifestation of this modernity is that the piece has its own materiality, and this is seen in how the prostitute stared, which is full of professional and standardized attentiveness. Olympia both has a naked body and a naked stare, as well as a reserved self which can be accounted to none other than the model, Victorine Meurent. Another perspective given by Charles Boudelaire regarding Olympia’s modernity is that it depicts heroism of modern life, as his bold manner of presenting Olympia has inspired future impressionists. Olympia is a modern work of art as it was able to depict life as it is now, and not as something ideal or something imagined. He urged other artists to follow the footsteps of Edouard Manet and try to develop contemporary situations where the nude can be depicted. Another critic, Clement Greenberg referred to Manet’s style in Olympia as his â€Å"inconsistency,† not in a negative way but in a modernist way. This is what made him stand out from other artists who came before him, and this significantly affected his status as a one-of-a-kind modern artist. Another proof of modernism in this work was that it is radical in its acute realism. This peculiar image of a woman confronts the common ways which women are being depicted. Manet was supposed to be portraying Venus, but what he showed in his piece of work was someone very different from Venus. This person portrayed is able to say words with just her stare, arousing the interest of many. Looking at the present situation, we can compare Victorine Meurent to a famous Hollywood star, Paris Hilton. These two posses’ great similarities in their position in the society as empowered women. One of the similarities that these two have is the popularity among the opposite sex. Victorine Meurent started posing for painters at a young age of 16, and has continued to do so for several years that followed. Some of the works which featured her showed her nude body. Because of this, she became an object of desire for men, and the society regarded her as a prominent nude figure, despite having posed in other decent works of art made. On the other hand, Paris Hilton’s popularity came to rise when various sex videos about her have spread through the internet. As a daughter of a very prominent businessman, she easily made it to the news, and the press was all over her. They regarded Paris Hilton as an object of sexual desire and for quite a long time, this impression on her was not changed. Another similarity between the two is that both of them were able to capitalize from the negative impression that people had towards them. Victorine Meurent posed for other works which showed her nude body. After some time, she was accepted by the society and regarded her as the image of a modern woman. She gained a lot of followings in both the principle or in practice. Despite being negatively judged by others before, she was finally able to realize her importance and her potentials. On the other hand, Paris Hilton was able to capitalize from this popularity which she made as a stepping stone in her road to stardom. Nobody cared about the sex scandals and videos spreading all over the internet nowadays because many other stars have released their own, as it further increases their own popularity. These videos and scandals became a means of advertising one’s self, and this has been started by none other than Paris Hilton. Analyzing their characters, we can also say that there is a difference in how they respond to various questions. Victorine Meurent lived a quiet life maybe while Paris Hilton lived a very colorful and controversial life. Paris Hilton chose to stay under the limelight while Victorine Meurent after some years, decided not to show up anymore. Victorine Meurent’s life during that time was not hard, as compared to other people. She grew up in a family of artisans, exposing her to the world of art back in her early years. Meurent started posing when she was just 16 years old and continued to do so until the early 1870s. Meurent grew up in a privileged family, so there is really not much problem encountered while she was growing. Victorine was a very talented person, as she’s able to play instruments like the guitar and violin. This could be a manifestation of her inclination towards the world of art. Her love for art was further extended when she also studied academic type of painting. Her modeling for various artists was indeed a great contribution in her part for the world of art, as she was successful to depict the modern woman during that time. During the time of the Renaissance, there were a lot of artists emerged, and the only way to stay and be recognized by many is for the work of art to leave a lasting impression in the minds of the people. Because of the collaboration between an artist and the subject, Both Meurent and Manet were able to forged a lasting impression in the minds of the audience, even though they are not able pull though because of various reasons. Works Cited: Levine, Steven Z. â€Å"Alias Olympia: A Woman’s Search for Manet’s Notorious Model and Her Own Desire – Book Reviews†. 1993. Art Journal. April 8 2008. http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m0425/is_n4_v52/ai_14970155/pg_1. How to cite Alias Olympia, Papers

Standardisation vs Adaptation Debate

Introduction The purpose of this essay is to discuss the key arguments of the debate on standardisation vs. adaptation, the advantages and disadvantages of both sides of the contention to discover the most appropriate argument for the international market environment for the twenty first century.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Standardisation vs Adaptation Debate specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Madar and NeacÅŸu (2010), the raging debate underpins the argument on removing cross border barriers to investment to ease the production and selling of goods or tailoring products to suit different cultural orientations. IKEA and McDonald’s are some of the best examples of companies which have integrated standardisation and adaptation respectively in different market environments to gain competitive advantage. According to Jeannet and Hennessey (2004), the outstanding success of Coca-Cola in the gl obal market is because of its standardisation marketing strategy, which consists of defined uniform standards for operating in multicultural, technological, geographic, demographic, and legal environments (Czinkota Ronkainen 2010). According to studies by Czinkota and Ronkainen (2007), Coca Cola has worked hard to integrate the four 4Ps of product, price, place, and promotion into its marketing strategy with carefully toned messages to physiologically influence the target markets, creating a global corporate image. The company’s executives understand quite well that international and national market environments change with changing market attributes creating a universal and diachronic existence. That has made Coca Cola to slightly modify its products based on the elements of standardisation to competitively position its products in the market (Gomez, 2013; Czinkota Ronkainen, 2007; Jeannet Hennessey (2004). Key arguments of standardisation vs adaptation debate Standardisa tion is defined as â€Å"the process of extending and effectively applying domestic target-market-dictated product standards tangible and/or intangible attributes – to markets in foreign environments† (Medina Duffy 1998, p. 56). According to Burt, Johansson and Thelander (2011), standardisation makes firms increase profitability and improve their competitive posture through economies of scale. Success stories of firms from the South East Asia which operate in markets with dissimilar consumer behavior improve the features of their product offerings as a strategic decision.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The firms rely on modernity, cultural leadership, aspirations and the confidence of the people to market their products. The South Korea and Beijing Olympic Games and the cooperation which was established between the South East Asian countries and the World Tra de Organization (WTO) is another success story based on standardisation. Asian brands speak of growing unity and removal of trade barriers across countries linked with the same cultural values such as the mosaic Asian culture support the school of thought of standardisation. According to Cavallone (2013), standardisation emerged because of the western drive after the Second World War to reduce trade barriers as enshrined in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The increase in the volume of world trade, advances in technology including the invention of the microchip, changes in global communication technologies, improvement in the operations of firms, reduction in the costs of making inventories, and lowering of trade barriers makes international trade a strong reality. The collapse of the Soviet Union, the opening up of China and Latin America to the west and the rest of the world provide a solid foundation in support of standardisation as the crucial school of thought . Ryans (2003) argues that the interdependence of global economies has led to easier planning and control, research and development, stock costs reduction, and the synergy of transferable experience, successfully enabling companies to use promotional strategies to market their products by the use of personal selling, sales promotions, and direct marketing and advertising strategies. Ryans (2003) argues that convergence of norms and tastes has helped create a homogeneous global market as the world has become increasingly similar irrespective of the cultural and demographic differences. According to Raaij (1997), companies always want to avoid the high costs of customizing products and services to the specific needs and wants of customers, which makes adaptation an expensive strategy compared with standardisation. (Hoeken, et. al., 2003) argues that companies view the resources at their disposal as assets to use for greater product and service innovation rather concentrating on custom izing products to the specific preferences of the customers. According to Czinkota and Ronkainen (2010), there are no significant variations in consumer needs, wants, perceptions, and behavior across different countries and firms which provide standardised products and services improve their economies of scale based on a single global marketing strategy (Szymanski, et. al., 1993). The case for McDonald’s marketing mix in China, India, and the UK in its franchise operations is a good example of standardisation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Standardisation vs Adaptation Debate specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Companies which have successfully applied standardisation as a strategy to communicate effectively argue that states and governments are no-longer the determinants of the messages communicated to customers (Szymanski, et. al., 1993). IKEA is one of the companies that have created an effective commun ication strategy based on the principles of Standardisation. Companies should concentrate on what everyone wants by developing functional, reliable, advanced, and low priced products and not just on the needs and wants of individuals to achieve long term success. Companies that have adopted standardisation remain consistent with the image and brand identity. Standardisation enables the companies to minimize incidents of confusion among travelers. Adaptation is defined as â€Å"the mandatory modification of domestic target market-dictated product standards – tangible and/or intangible attributes – as to make the product suitable to foreign environmental conditions† (Theodosiou Leonidou 2003, p.34). According to Yeu, et. al. (2012), IKEA is one of the most successful examples of adaptation. Figure one below illustrates how IKEA has successfully integrated adaptation into the advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, public relations, and direct marketing ac tivities to create a consistent, clear, compelling company, and product messages. Figure 1: integrated marketing communications (Source: Lecture slide 1)Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Yeu, et. al. (2012), adaptation is suited to international markets which have unique characteristics and insurmountable differences across countries and cultures. Differences in macro factors which include occupation, law, culture, taste, race, climate, disposable income, nationalism, literacy levels, and local labor costs contribute to the argument in support of adaptation. Theodosiou and Leonidou (2003) argue in favor of adaptation from the perspective of the differences in culture, lifestyles, political and legal systems, and economic development in the world which requires companies to tailor their products to meet the needs and wants of people with different political and economic backgrounds. Consumers have become more complex and diverse and have no need for low priced products in place of quality. That makes firms to gain strong and competitive market positions at the local and international markets (Shenkar, 2001). Proponents of adaptation oppose standardisatio n by arguing that â€Å"standardisation is at best difficult and, at worst, impractical† (Jain 1989, p.3). Ruigrok and van Tulder (1995) argue that there is no single marketing mix suitable for different market environments. The argument is that a single marketing mix could be the worst enemy for a company to adapt, to its detriment (Papavassiliou Stathakopoulos, n.d). Kellogg in India is one of the successful examples of companies that have integrated adaptation to gain a strong market position and competitive advantage. Kellogg’s conducts its business operation in India by tailoring advertising messages for each market segment according to the individual needs of the target market as illustrated in figure 2 below. The picture below shows different elements of the message for the Indian target market and each element such as corn and the packaging are made to reflect the Indian breakfast. The message reflects the eating habits of the local people, implying some eleme nts of the adaptation strategy. Figure 2: Kellogg Indian market advertising (Source: Ramesh. Image by Unknown) The marketing of corn flakes strongly reflected the social cultural factors such as religion, ethics, and customer expectations of the Indians, making it a success in the Indian market (Papavassiliou Stathakopoulos, n.d). Customers have different cultural values and attitudes and advertisements have to be tailored to suit their varied needs. Culture can be a strong barrier to the entry of a product into the market. According to Hoeken (2003), the need for adaptation is critical because different countries with different legal systems regulate the type of promotional activities conducted. Kellogg’s approach to the different markets was to use specific messages for the Indian markets through internet, reflecting the needs of the local Indian people, for example, videos for serving corn flakes with hot milk or with Jam and Kismis. It is important to take full advantag e of technology to develop products for each market segment. Highly developed markets use the television and internet to communicate messages to the target population while, less developed markets require traditional communication channels to reach the customer. A typical example is Coca-Cola that has optimized the concept of distributions channels in China, USA, and many other countries. Adaptation provides the base to communicate effectively in different markets with different product levels for the consumer (Mesdag 1999). Advantages and disadvantages of standardisation Advantages Some parts of the marketing mix cannot be standardised. A company cannot tailor single messages for the global market without going into the details of individual needs and wants (Mesdag 1999). A typical model shown in figure 3 is the one organizations use to create standardised messages for different markets. According to the model, appropriately encoded messages are sent and decoded by the receiver wit h the same meaning. Information should be captured correctly to avoid noise to elicit proper feedback. Figure 3: The international communication process (Source: Lecture slide 2) Despite the hidden costs Coca Cola incurs, standardisation enables the company to save a lot of money leading to economies of scale. Coca Cola’s standardisation strategy includes a clear understanding of different management strategies and international labor relations. That has enabled the company to introduce successful marketing strategies for India, Peru, USA, Africa, and other global business destinations. Individual businesses and the economy as a whole experience lower transaction costs (Gomez 2013). Advertisements are standardised and do not cause confusion among travelers to foreign countries (Backhaus van Doorn 2007). Standardisation enables firms to transfer technology and innovations benefit to the host country. Standardised products are consistent throughout the world enabling the reus e of established marketing channels as shown on figure 4 below. Figure 4:   International Marketing – Distribution Channels (Source: Lecture slide 3) According to figure 4 above, different marketing channels create time, market, information, and place utilities for customers from the manufacturer, the customer, and the distributor. Some contacts between the customer and the manufacturer are reduced when the distribution channels are well established. The three manufacturers and respective distribution channels are shown above. Simple calculations show the best methods of combining the distribution channels for higher efficiency (Vrontis Thrassou, 2007). Disadvantages Some of the disadvantages of standardisation include a low degree of market penetration with different cultural, geographic, demographic, and consumer behavior. It creates unemployment and multinationals exploit countries with weak labor laws driving down income. According to Madar NeacÅŸu (2010), standard ised messages create confusion and economic loss because the message does not trigger psychologically positive responses from the target audience. Advantages and disadvantages of adaptation Advantages Established research shows that adaptation is a useful strategy where standardisation fails to provide the required products or services for variable customer needs (Dimitrova Rosenbloom, 2010). Adaptation has influenced the rapid growth and identity of consumers of products of emerging Asian brands which have unique features leading to distinct regional consumer culture. The distinct features have led to the growth of Asian involvement in international trade. Research shows that companies have developed the concept of pattern advertising for messages tailored to the needs and wants of the target customer base. Products and service attributes can influence buyer behavior in each market segment. That enables the company operating in the host country to compete favorably with local firm s and gain a competitive advantage (Mesdag 1999). Adaptation enables exporting firms to create products and services suitable for the local market. Usunier and Lee (2009) argue that multinational firms can tailor existing products and services to suit the needs of existing markets without the need to invest resources to develop new products, leading to significant resource and cost savings. Research shows that firms entering new markets find adaptation of products and services for the new markets an important strategy because the firm exploits the opportunity to exploit the market based on a comprehensive understanding of the cultural values and preferences of the people and the quality standards of the host country. Research shows that adaptation provides firms with the opportunity to deal with competitive threats by tailoring the marketing mix elements of product, price, place, and promotion to suit the host market. Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s branding strategy for the 10 global brands ref lect each country’s local market needs making it a strong example of the successful use of adaptation. The underlying rational includes product innovation such as complexity, relative advantage, and the support service component. Competitors can drive a firm out of the market with new and cheaper products. Each stage of the product lifecycle was factored in production and marketing of Nestle, making it a successful brand. It has been established that consumers tend to prefer local products and companies to foreign companies (Dimitrova Rosenbloom 2010). Disadvantages Adaptation in the international market can be very expensive for firms operating in the international market environment. According to Madar and NeacÅŸu, (2010), that is because of the high cost and resource required to tailor the marketing mix to the specific needs of the market. Conclusion Heterogeneity for competitive advantage requires an implementation of the ingredients of both concepts to a certain degre e and not one concept as the absolute for firms operating in the local and international markets. The critical ingredients of macro and micro controllable elements of price, place, product, and promotion, and optimum use of existing communication channels helps a firm to improve and sustains its competitive advantage. The environmental factors that play a significant role for adaptation and standardisation are the political, legal, economic, and technological. The level of adaptation of either strategies depends on the vision, the amount of control required, orientation to the international market, cultural values, demographic trends, economies of scale, attitude towards risk, product lifecycle, direct foreign investment, joint ventures, the nature of global partnerships the mission, and strategy, governance, management, available capital investment, contractual agreements, the level of innovation, technology, and communication channels. Political risks include confiscation, domesti cation, political sanctions, political reprisals, war, expropriation, and violence. The three critical barriers to standardisation include rigidity of distribution institutions, cultural distribution behavior, and international segmentation is overcome through adaptation. Distribution channels are influenced by different legal systems, the level of infrastructure and development of a country, and the disparities in the distribution of the micro and macro ecological, political, market, legal, technological, and socio-cultural environments. Adaptation enables firms tailor advertising messages for different markets with different consumer behavior, cultural backgrounds and values, geographic, and demographic segments. In the short term, adaptation might be expensive because of the need to invest in making products that are unique to different customer needs and wants. References Backhaus, K. van Doorn, J 2007, Consumer perceptions of advertising standardisation: a cross-country study of different advertising categories. International Management Review, vol. 3, no. 4, p. 37 Burt, S., Johansson, U. Thelander, A 2011, Standardised marketing strategies in retailing? IKEA’s marketing strategies in Sweden, the UK and China. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, vol. 18, no.1, pp. 183–193 Cavallone, M 2013, From Adaptation to Standardisation: The Positive Cycle of Cross Culturally Customized Communication, Southern Business Review Summer, vol.1, no.1, pp. 1-20 Czinkota, M.R. Ronkainen, I.A 2010, International Marketing. Prentice Hall, New Jersey. Dimitrova, B. Rosenbloom, B 2010, Standardisation Versus Adaptation in Global Markets: Is Channel Strategy Different? Journal of Marketing Channels, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 23 Gomez, Michale Ba 2013, Coca-Cola: International Business Strategy For Globalization, The Journal of American Business Review, Cambridge , vol. l. no. 2, pp.23 Hoeken, et. al. 2003, International Advertising in Western Europe: Should Di fferences in Uncertainty Avoidance be Considered when Advertising in Belgium, France, The Netherlands and Spain? Journal of Business Communication, vol.1, no.1, pp. 2-40 Jeannet, J.P. Hennessey, H.D 2004, Global Marketing Strategies. Houghton Mifflin, New York. Madar, A. NeacÅŸu, A. N 2010, The Advantages of Global Standardisation, Bulletin of the Transilvania University of BraÅŸov, vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 52 Medina, J. F. Duffy, M 1998, Standardisation vs Globalization: A New Perspective of Brand Strategies. Journal of Product and Brand Management, Vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 223-243. Mesdag, M 1999, Culture Sensitive adaptation or global standardisation, the duration of usage hypothesis, International Marketing Review, vol. 17, no.1, pp.74-100 Papavassiliou, N. Stathakopoulos, V n.d, Standardisation versus adaptation of international advertising strategies: Towards a framework. European Journal of Marketing, vol. 3, no.1, pp. 504-550 Raaij, W. F 1997, Globalisation of marketing communic ation? Journal of Economic  Psychology, vol. 18 no.1, pp. 259-270 Ryans, J. K 2003, Standardisation/adaptation of international marketing strategy Necessary conditions for the advancement of knowledge. IMR, vol. 20, no. 6, pp.588. Shenkar, O 2001, Cultural Distance Revisited: Towards a More Rigorous Conceptualization and Measurement of Cultural Differences. Journal of International Business Studies, vol. 32, no. 3,pp. 519-535 Szymanski, D. M. Bharadwaj, Sundar. G. Varadarajan P. R 1993, Standardisation versus Adaptation of International Marketing Strategy: An Empirical Investigation. Journal of Marketing, vol. 57, no. 4 pp. 1-17 Theodosiou, M. and Leonidou, L.C 2003, Standardisation versus Adaptation of International Marketing Strategy: An Integrative Assessment of the Empirical Research’, International Business Review, vol. 12, no., 2, pp. 141-171 Usunier, J. Lee, J.A 2009, Marketing across cultures. Pearson Education, New York Vrontis, D. Thrassou, A 2007, Adaptation v s standardisation in international marketing –the country-of-origin effect. Journal of Innovative Marketing, vol. 3 no. 4, pp. 7-21. Yeu , et. al 2012, A Comparative Study on International Marketing Mix in China and India. The case of McDonald’s, Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 1054 – 1059 This essay on Standardisation vs Adaptation Debate was written and submitted by user Zion Mcguire to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Conflicting Emotions in Neil Simons The Odd Couple essays

Conflicting Emotions in Neil Simon's The Odd Couple essays The mood and tone of The Odd Couple is very contrasting, to say the least. There is always conflicting emotions going on at once which help the work as whole. There are a handful of moods, each of which goes very deep into the movie's plot. Some of these scenes contain multiple moods, such a happy, sad, depressed, and humorous. The Odd Couple evokes many emotions from the viewer, and places significance on certain events to help the work Starting with the beginning of the movie, the scene starts out dark and with a sad beat. It is set in downtown New York, at nighttime. Felix is a lone man, walking without a purpose; the camera is panned out to show dozens of couples around him, having fun. This part of the scene alone invokes a lot of emotion. The gloominess of the scene itself says a lot, as it gives the viewer a sad emotion from the start. Felix walking along the streets of New York alone also gives the viewer a feeling of depression, as they see Felix roam the streets, obviously a man in great distress. As he is walking, an experienced viewer can notice that since the streets of New York are riddled with couples, having fun and enjoying themselves and it can contrast Felix's depressed mood by showing the happy, couples, then you see the distressed Felix, whose wife had just divorced him. It doesn't say that he is depressed directly, but by analyzing the tone of it, with his shoulders slouched, and his face has a look of misery on it. His tie is slightly undone, as if he's been through a long day. He walks without a purpose, leading the viewer in with curiosity to find out why Felix is so depressed. The lighting adds to his mood, mirroring it. The next scene that evokes emotion from the viewer is when Felix is walking to his room. As he is slowly lumbers in, the cleaning lady says goodnight, and he says goodbye, with a look of deep remorse on his face. This furthers the concern fo...

Is AP Chemistry Hard 5 Key Factors Considered

Is AP Chemistry Hard 5 Key Factors Considered SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips AP Chemistry is an intimidating subject if you're not familiar with the material. There are all these weird formulas with superscripts and subscripts to remember, and it involves what some students view as an unpleasant amount of math. But is AP Chemistry as hard as it sounds? In this article, I'll examine five different factors to reach a conclusion regarding the true difficulty level of AP Chemistry in comparison with other high-level classes. What Determines the Difficulty of an AP Class? 5 Factors Before we talk about AP Chemistry specifically, what are the main factors that determine how hard (or easy) an AP class is? Let's take a look at the top five. Factor 1: Passing Rate The number of test takers who score 3 or higher on an AP test is a good indication of how difficult the AP class is. If a very high percentage of students earn passing scores, it might mean that the class is less challenging. It might also mean, however, that the particular class attracts higher-achieving students who are extremely well prepared and tend to do better on tests across the board. That’s why, in addition to score averages, we also need to consider the perceptions of students and the actual difficulty of the content. Factor 2: 5 Score Rate Another piece of data that's slightly different from the passing rate is the percentage of students earning 5s (the highest possible score) on the AP test. A large percentage of students may pass an AP test, but if only a small group earns 5s, it usually means that true mastery of the subject is hard to come by. The cutoff for a 5 on most AP tests only requires answering 60-70% of questions correctly, so even a 5 doesn't necessarily represent complete comprehension of the material being tested. Factor 3: Content Difficulty The content covered is, of course, a central factor that affects the difficulty of an AP course. Even if most students pass the exam, the class itself might be challenging because of the amount of ground it covers or because of the complexity of the material. In this case, a high passing rate would indicate that only very driven students take the class, and everyone else shies away from it. Factor 4: How Students Perceive the Class The difficulty of AP classes can also be judged by the way students view them. As I mentioned, some classes with high passing rates owe these statistics to self-selection by high-achieving students. That doesn’t mean that these students think the material is easy, though. They’re just more dedicated to working through challenging concepts. Evidently, student feedback can provide yet another perspective on the difficulty of an AP class. Factor 5: When Students Take the Class If students take the class earlier in high school, they're more likely to perceive it as difficult. If they take it their junior or senior year, on the other hand, they're more likely to feel comfortable with the material. Why? By this time, most students have adapted to their high school workloads and have possibly already taken other AP classes, too. These are the five main factors that determine the difficulty of an AP class. In the next sections, I’ll analyze all these factors for the AP Chemistry class and exam to give you a better idea of how much of a challenge they'll present for you. Chemistry's the one with the shapes and stuff, right? (Sorry, I can't use a screencap of Channing Tatum from 21 Jump Street for legal reasons, and I can't say the real line cuz I'm keepin' it clean. But you get the reference- or at least you do now because I overexplained it.) What Do Statistics Say About the AP Chemistry Exam? It's now time for us to determine the difficulty of AP Chemistry specifically. First off, what’s the passing rate for AP Chemistry? In 2017, the passing rate (i.e., the percent of test takers who scored 3 or higher) was 52.4%. This rate is lower than that for the AP Biology test (64.1%) and slightly higher than that for US History (50.9%). Human Geography, US History, US Government and Politics, Physics 1, and Environmental Science are the only tests that have lower passing rates than Chemistry does. This data indicates that Chemistry is a difficult test- but, as you can see, there’s an eclectic mix of different subjects with low passing rates. Passing rates don't always reflect how hard AP tests are; rather, these results represent a combination of which types of students tend to take the class and the objective complexity of the material covered. AP Environmental Science, for example, doesn’t cover super challenging concepts, but students who choose to take this AP class tend to be less intense- they might take it as a one-off AP when they’re in mostly mid-level classes otherwise. Even keeping these factors in mind, I think AP Chemistry’s low passing rate is reflective of a high level of difficulty. Usually, only the most driven students take AP Chemistry, and they’re still not passing the test at an especially high rate. We can also look at the 5 rate for the test. The 5 rate for AP Chemistry is 10.1%. Only six other AP tests have lower 5 rates. This statistic is consistent with the passing rate in terms of AP Chemistry's position among other AP tests. Because the passing rate and the 5 rate are well aligned in this way, I’m inclined to conclude that AP Chemistry is a test on the difficult end of the AP spectrum. You know, the AP spectrum. It's like the color spectrum except with no colors- only darkness and pain. Is the Content of the AP Chemistry Class Difficult? There’s a lot of material covered in AP Chemistry. The course involves memorization of complex principles, mastery of specific mathematical skills, and the ability to visualize interactions between tiny things that can only be represented abstractly. It’s similar to AP Biology in some ways, but it’s even harder to intuitively understand if you don’t know much about chemistry in the first place. Take this official AP Chemistry multiple-choice question, for example: If you haven't taken any chemistry classes, this question will be virtually incomprehensible to you (the answer is D, if you're wondering). There's a whole separate language around chemistry, with symbols and words that are almost never used in daily life- unless you're a chemist or chemical engineer. Questions on a test like AP Biology might ask about advanced concepts, but there aren't as many unfamiliar terms or new ways of thinking involved as there are on the AP Chemistry test. In general, you need a wide range of skills to succeed in chemistry, and these skills build on each other from the ground up. The foundations of the Chemistry course deal with memorizing the properties of different substances and developing an understanding of why they behave in certain ways under certain conditions. You'll use this knowledge to conduct data analysis and do calculations. To show you what I mean, here's an example of a question you might see on the Chemistry test: For part a, the conjugate base form, In-, is the predominant form of HIn in the buffer in Beaker Y. This is because the pH of the beaker (7) is greater than the pKa of HIn (5), which means that the equilibrium reaction will form a significant amount of products (In- and H3O+). For part b, the acid form of HIn predominates the aqueous layer of Beaker X since pH (3) pKa (5). HIn is a neutral molecule, so some of it can dissolve in the oil layer of Beaker X due to London dispersion interactions with the oil (which leads to the yellow color of the oil layer). The oil layer in Beaker Y, on the other hand, is colorless because In- is charged. It will mainly dissolve in the aqueous layer of Beaker Y due to ion-dipole interactions with water. This question asks students to draw on background knowledge of acids and buffer solutions to explain the chemical interactions present in a specific scenario. If you don’t understand the basic concepts of the course, you won’t be able to justify your answers to more advanced problems. The cumulative nature of AP Chemistry's wide-ranging curriculum and the complex critical-thinking skills required to answer most questions on the exam contribute to its reputation as a very challenging course. If you have cracks in your foundation, you'll have to halt construction on the monument to AP Chemistry that symbolizes your understanding of the material. Seriously, though- stop building that thing and do your real homework. Do Students Think AP Chemistry Is Hard? From personal experience, I'd say yes to this question- but ultimately it depends heavily on your aptitude for the material, the quality of your teacher, and your previous experiences with chemistry. As someone who had a terrible AP Chemistry teacher, I found it very difficult to understand the concepts I was being taught. It was especially hard because my high school didn't give us the option of taking an introductory chemistry course before AP. Students who have a stronger background in chemistry might find the class easier to get through, but AP Chemistry is still notorious for having lots of homework and challenging tests. This goes back to one of the factors listed at the beginning of this article: when students tend to take the class. Many high schoolers take AP Chemistry in their junior or senior year after taking an introductory chemistry course. The fact that even these students see AP Chemistry as a hard course validates the judgments we've made thus far about its high difficulty level. Almost every academic skill is involved. You’ll have to deal with problem sets, labs, and extensive memorization of chemical properties. The math aspect of the course includes unit conversions, reaction balancing, and other stoichiometry problems (which use relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction to do calculations). If math doesn’t come easily to you, AP Chemistry will be more difficult. Students have varied opinions of the class depending on how it's taught at their schools. The main response is that although it's a lot of work, it can be a rewarding experience. Everyone seems to agree that the quality of teaching has a huge impact on the difficulty level and enjoyability of the class. Here's what some students think about AP Chemistry. Quotes come from College Confidential, and all bold emphasis is mine. I took it sophomore year and it was definitely rough. However, much of that was because of the teacher. If you've already taken CP Chem, AP likely won't be as hard for you as it is for many others. I think that it is hard compared to my other classes (I am taking 5 more APs at the moment in addition to this one), and the science department practically had to beg the ten people that are in the class to take it. Behind Calc BC, Chemistry is the hardest AP at my school as well. However, it is so much fun- a great curriculum. If you love chemistry, or even have an interest in it, definitely take it. If you can look at this without feeling a wave of panic rising in your chest, you'll probably do well in AP Chemistry. Will AP Chemistry Be Hard for You? Based on what we now know about AP Chemistry, how can you determine how hard the class (and test) will be for you? Here are three actions you can take: #1: Ask Teachers and Previous Students About the Class Every school is different, so the AP Chemistry class offered at your school could be more or less demanding than those offered at other high schools. This is why it’s best to consult with people who have the inside scoop. Talk to your current science teacher to see what he or she has to say about AP Chemistry. Will you be able to handle it based on how you did in science this past year? Have students who are similar to you had trouble with AP Chemistry in the past? You can also discuss this with your guidance counselor, who should have access to additional data on how previous students fared in the class. Previous students are great resources as well. If they’ve been through the class, they can give you a better idea of how overwhelming (or underwhelming) the workload actually is. #2: Think About Your Academic Strengths and Weaknesses If you enjoy math and science and are genuinely interested in chemistry, AP Chemistry will be an easier class for you than it would be for someone who would rather never look at a math problem again. Chemistry is more technical and math-centric than AP Biology is. It’s hard to memorize or reason your way out of aspects of the content you only vaguely understand on a deeper level. If you don’t know exactly how to do a chemistry problem, it can start to look like a meaningless jumble of numbers and letters pretty quickly. If you tend to rely on memorization to do well in most subjects, AP Chemistry might be a rude awakening for you. #3: Pay Attention to Your Schedule Only you know how much effort you're willing to put into your classes. However, I can pretty much guarantee that it'll be hard for anyone to take AP Chemistry at the same time as other time-consuming classes, such as AP Biology or AP English Lit. I don't recommend taking more than two intense AP classes simultaneously (see our take on which APs are the hardest), particularly if you have lots of extracurriculars. You should also try to fit an introductory chemistry class into your schedule the year before you take AP Chemistry so that you’re well prepared! If you get to the point where you're eating whole coffee beans to stay awake, it's time to reevaluate your choices. Conclusion: Is AP Chemistry Hard? Based on the evidence I've seen, we can say that Chemistry is one of the harder AP classes. It has a low passing rate, a low 5 rate, and its content is considered pretty challenging from both an objective viewpoint and a student's perspective. Don’t let this scare you away from the subject, though. Chemistry is truly fascinating once you break through the first couple layers of understanding. You'll learn so much about how the world works and why it works that way. If you take an introductory chemistry class beforehand and are prepared to work hard, you'll be more than capable of doing well! What's Next? Still not quite sure what to expect from AP Chemistry? Read this article for more details about the structure and content of the exam. Already taking AP Chemistry and need some extra help? We go over how to balance chemical equations in this guide. Are you planning on taking SAT Subject Tests in addition to APs? Learn about the differences between these two types of tests and which scores matter more to colleges. If you're still trying to figure out your schedule, take a look at this article for advice on which AP classes you should take in high school. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Critical Issues Module 2 Paper Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Critical Issues Module 2 Paper - Coursework Example Though these activities may be short-term, activity based cost reduction activities should provide a better alternative for cost management of the ongoing activities. To implement cost reduction activities in the organization, the top senior managers should be committed. The board should be willing and ready to provide the necessary resources needed. Performance management and activity-based cost reduction models is the key to success of every organization. In non profits organizations such as the Innovations theatre, Reginald Foster Dance Troupe, Century Child Care, and Center Neighborhood Settlement, performance management and activity-based cost reductions models have been applied to achieve the success of the organizations (Walsh, 2002). In the Innovations Theatre the board and the staff members perform the activities with the sole purpose of achieving organizational success. The board is clearly aware of their duties and hence seeks development for the theatre. They also articulate the vision of the theatre and work towards achieving their vision by incorporating the other workers. Duties are assigned to different groups of people. The board has also engaged in activity-based cost reductions such paying a membership fee and other annual membership dues. These will go a long way in facilitating the company’s activities. They have also expanded the theatre by establishing new home theatre. The organization also recruits new members to the board who have financial ability and other professional talents that would be helpful to the organization (Firstenberg, 2009). The member is also expected to have a high social civic standing a factor that will make the organization gain some social status. There is a free flow of communication between the workers and the board members and the workers decisions are highly valued during the meetings. This